Four Newly Discovered Churches in Bithynia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18688/aa199-2-23Keywords:
Bithynia, monasticism, Nicaea, Prusa ad OlympumAbstract
During restorations held in Nicaea/İznik and Prusa ad Olympum/Bursa four new churches were discovered. Since restoration work did not aim at excavating the accidentally discovered churches this article intends to shed light by making use of the material available. Three of the churches were from Nicaea, two of which by the main gates of the city walls and the third one in the area next to the museum building of İznik. The church discovered in Bursa is located next to the city walls. Despite its unfinished excavation it has revealed immense material including the ambo with an inscription. The aim of this article is to contribute to the database of Byzantine monuments.
References
Appianus of Alexandria. The Roman History of Appian of Alexandria, vol. 1. Transl. by H. White. London, MacMillan and Co. Ltd. Publ., 1899. 528 p.
Bekker-Nielsen T. Urban Life and Local Politics in Roman Bithynia The Small World of Dion Chyrsostomos. Aarhus, Aarchus University Press Publ., 2008. 211 p.
Cohen G. M. The Marriage of Lysimachus and Nicaea. Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte, 1973, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 354–356.
Çetinkaya H. A Byzantine Chapel at Apolyont/Gölyazı. Anatolia Antiqua, 2010, vol. 18, pp. 163–168.
Foss C.; Winfield D. Byzantine Fortifications. Pretoria, University of South Africa Publ., 1986. 298 p.
Foss C. Prousa. Talbot A. M. (ed.). The Dictionary of Byzantium, vol. 3. New York; Oxford, Oxford University Press Publ., 1991, p. 1750.
Foss C. Nicaea: A Byzantine Capital and Its Praises. Brookline, Hellenic College Press Publ., 1996. 256 p.
Grélois J.-P. (ed.). Dr. John Covel, Voyages en Turquie, 1675–1677. Paris, P. Lethielleux Publ., 1998. 438 p. (in French).
Herodotus. Histories. Godley A. D. (transl.). London, W. Heinemann Publ., 1938. 569 p.
Janin R. La Bithynie sous l’empire byzantin. Echos de Orient, 1921, vol. 20, pp. 178–319 (in French).
Janin R. Les églises et les monasteres des grands centres Byzantins. Paris, Peeters Publ., 1975. 493 p. (in French).
Menthon B. Une terre de legende. L’Olympe de Bithynie. Paris, Bonne-Presse Publ., 1935. 256 p. (in French).
Merkelbach R. Nikaia in der römischen Kaiserzeit. Düsseldorf, Rheinisch-Westfälische Akademie der Wissenschaften Vorträge Publ., 1987. 41 p. (in German).
Möllers S. Die Hagia Sophia von Iznik/Nikaia. Alfter, Verlag und Datenbank für Geisteswissenschaften Publ., 1994. 80 p. (in German).
Schneider A. M.; Karnapp W. Die Stadtmauer von Iznik (Nicaea). Berlin, Archaeologisches Institut des Deutschen Reiches Publ., 1938. 55 p. (in German).
Schneider A. M. The City Walls of Nicaea. Antiquity, 1938, vol. 12, no. 48, pp. 437–443.
Strobel K. Prusa, Prusa ad Olympum. Cancik H.; Schneider H.(eds.). Der Neue Pauly: Enzyklopädie der Antike, vol. 10. Stuttgart; Weimar, J. B. Metzler Publ., 2001, p. 490 (in German).
Şahin S. Katalog der antiken İnschriften des Museums von Iznik (Nikaia), part 1. Bonn, Rudolf Habelt Verlag Publ., 1979. 328 p. (in German).